Territories observing the Pacific Time Zone are primarily in North America. It runs through the western part of Canada, the United States and the Northwestern part of Mexico. Akar FG, Rosenbaum DS. Transmural electrophysiological heterogeneities underlying arrhythmogenesis in heart failure. Circ Res. 2003; 93(7):S. 638–S. 645. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] A, B) T2 Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) images (A) and apparent diffusion coefficient images (B) suggest vasogenic edema. (C) MRA is normal. MRA = MR angiography. Napolitano C, Priori SG. Diagnosis and treatment of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm. 2007; 4(5):S. 675–S. 678. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar]

Bezzina CR, Lahrouchi N, Priori SG. Genetics of sudden cardiac death. Circ Res. 2015; 116(12):S. 1919–S. 1936. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Principal Cities: The largest city in the EST timezone is New York City from USA with population about 8.175 million people. Other major cities in the area are Toronto, Montreal, Brooklyn, Borough of Queens. Gourraud J-B, Le Scouarnec S, Sacher F, Chatel S, Derval N, Portero V, Chavernac P, Sandoval JE, Mabo P, Redon R, Schott J-J, Le Marec H, Haïssaguerre M, Probst V. Identification of large families in early repolarization syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013; 61(2):S. 164–S. 172. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Mohamed U, Napolitano C, Priori SG. Molecular and electrophysiological bases of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2007; 18(7):S. 791–S. 797. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] He J. Reduction in density of transverse tubules and L-type Ca 2+ channels in canine tachycardia-induced heart failure. Cardiovasc Res. 2001; 49(2):S. 298–S. 307. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar]

Definitions

Harrell DT, Ashihara T, Ishikawa T, Tominaga I, Mazzanti A, Takahashi K, Oginosawa Y, Abe H, Maemura K, Sumitomo N, Uno K, Takano M, Priori SG, Makita N. Genotype-dependent differences in age of manifestation and arrhythmia complications in short QT syndrome. Int J Cardiol. 2015; 190:S. 393–S. 402. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar]

Ritterhoff J, Völkers M, Seitz A, Spaich K, Gao E, Peppel K, Pleger ST, Zimmermann WH, Friedrich O, Fink RH, Koch WJ, Katus HA, Most P. S100A1 DNA-based inotropic therapy protects against proarrhythmogenic ryanodine receptor 2 dysfunction. Mol Ther. 2015; 23(8):S. 1320–S. 1330. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Zicha S, Xiao L, Stafford S, Cha TJ, Han W, Varro A, Nattel S. Transmural expression of transient outward potassium current subunits in normal and failing canine and human hearts. J Physiol. 2004; 561(Pt 3):S. 735–S. 748. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] A card that contains an autograph/signature as well as a piece of memorabilia inserted into a card that is material from the number, nameplate, logo, edging etc of the jersey or shorts. Normally only inlcuded in lower numbered cards, or high end products. Ventricular tachyarrhythmias are responsible for sudden cardiac death in up to 50% of heart failure patients (Kjekshus 1990). Therefore, implantation of implantable cardioverter defibrillators was shown to improve survival in heart failure collectives (Al-Khatib et al. 2017).Nerbonne JM, Kass RS. Molecular physiology of cardiac repolarization. Physiol Rev. 2005; 85(4):S. 1205–S. 1253. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Caldwell JL, Smith CE, Taylor RF, Kitmitto A, Eisner DA, Dibb KM, Trafford AW. Dependence of cardiac transverse tubules on the BAR domain protein amphiphysin II (BIN-1) Circ Res. 2014; 115(12):986–996. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Kääb S, Nuss HB, Chiamvimonvat N, O'Rourke B, Pak PH, Kass DA, Marban E, Tomaselli GF. Ionic mechanism of action potential prolongation in ventricular myocytes from dogs with pacing-induced heart failure. Circ Res. 1996; 78(2):S. 262–S. 273. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Akhirome E, Jay PY. Rhythm genes sing more than one tune: noncanonical functions of cardiac ion channels. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2015; 8(2):261–262. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar]

Principal Cities: The largest city in the CST timezone is Mexico City from Mexico with population about 12.294 million people. Other major cities in the area are Chicago, Houston, Iztapalapa, Ecatepec.

Acronyms

Vermeulen JT, McGuire MA, Opthof T, Coronel R, de Bakker JM, Klöpping C, Janse MJ. Triggered activity and automaticity in ventricular trabeculae of failing human and rabbit hearts. Cardiovasc Res. 1994; 28(10):S. 1547–S. 1554. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Schwartz PJ, Crotti L, Insolia R. Long-QT syndrome from genetics to management. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2012; 5(4):S. 868–S. 877. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] In the United States nationally televised programs, evening newscasts, talent and awards shows, and any other nationally televised event that airs live on American television during prime time and on the weekends are broadcast live in the Eastern Time Zone. Major professional sports leagues MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL also provide their game times in Eastern Time, even if teams are from outside of Eastern Time. Schotten U, Verheule S, Kirchhof P, Goette A. Pathophysiological mechanisms of atrial fibrillation a translational appraisal. Physiol Rev. 2011; 91(1):S. 265–S. 325. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Tsuji Y, Zicha S, Qi X-Y, Kodama I, Nattel S. Potassium channel subunit remodeling in rabbits exposed to long-term bradycardia or tachycardia discrete arrhythmogenic consequences related to differential delayed-rectifier changes. Circulation. 2006; 113(3):S. 345–S. 355. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar]

A sale post or thread that typically includes cards at below market prices. Often the term is used misleadingly to describe a sale when in fact the prices are market value or higher so due dilligence is recommended

Card Types

Priori SG, Pandit SV, Rivolta I, Berenfeld O, Ronchetti E, Dhamoon A, Napolitano C, Anumonwo J, di Barletta MR, Gudapakkam S, Bosi G, Stramba-Badiale M, Jalife J (2005) A novel form of short QT syndrome (SQT3) is caused by a mutation in the KCNJ2 gene. Circ Res 96: 800–807 [ PubMed] Schweizer PA, Schröter J, Greiner S, Haas J, Yampolsky P, Mereles D, Buss SJ, Seyler C, Bruehl C, Draguhn A, Koenen M, Meder B, Katus HA, Thomas D. The symptom complex of familial sinus node dysfunction and myocardial noncompaction is associated with mutations in the HCN4 channel. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 64(8):S. 757–S. 767. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Li D, Melnyk P, Feng J, Wang Z, Petrecca K, Shrier A, Nattel S. Effects of experimental heart failure on atrial cellular and ionic electrophysiology. Circulation. 2000; 101(22):S. 2631–S. 2638. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar]